Warp drive
From Hidden Frontier
Warp drive is a technology that allows space travel at faster-than-light speeds. In the simplest terms, it does this by contracting spacetime in front of the ship and expanding spacetime behind it. A starship itself rests in a bubble between the two spacetime distortions. This warped space, together with the region between it, accelerates off at "warp speed" and the vessel then essentially surfs the wave in spacetime created by this distortion. Travel at velocities exceeding the speed of light is possible in this fashion because the starship is, strictly speaking, stationary (relative to the space of its warp bubble) while spacetime itself is moving. Since spacetime itself is moving and the starship is not actually accelerating, it experiences no time dilation, allowing the passage of time inside the vessel to be the same as that outside it.
The warp engine works by burning deuterium to create gases, which are then forced together with antimatter in the form of antihydrogen. The is mediated through an assembly of dilithium crystals, which resist antimatter bombardment when subjected to high-frequency electromagnetic fields. This reaction produces a highly energetic plasma, called electro-plasma, which is channelled by magnetic conduits through a power transfer grid. The electro-plasma is funneled to plasma injectors into a series of field coils, which are made of a substance called verterium cortenide. When this substance is energized, it causes the energy frequencies in the plasma to shift into subspace (a domain outside normal three dimensional space), generating multilayered "warp fields" that form a "subspace bubble" that envelops the starship, distorting the geometry of space and moving the starship at velocities that exceed the speed of light. These velocities are referred to as warp factors.
Warp fields are measured according to the amount of subspace stress they generate; field stresses are measured in cochranes. Fields that are below warp factor 1 are measured in units a thousands times smaller called millicochranes. A field of one cochrane or greater is often referred to as a warp field. The warp scale has been drawn up so that warp 10 is infinite velocity; in theory any vessel traveling at this speed would occupy every point in the universe at once. As a warp field approaches the stress needed to achieve this speed, the power requirements rise dramatically and the warp drive efficiency drops.
Speeds below warp 10 are plotted on an exponential curve. Thus, whereas a ship traveling at warp factor 1 is traveling at the speed of light, a ship moving at warp 2 is traveling at 10 times the speed of light, a ship flying at warp 3 is traveling at 39 times the speed of light, a ship at warp 4 is at 102 times the speed of light, warp 5 is 214 times the speed of light, warp 6 is 392 times the speed of light, warp 7 is 656 times the speed of light, warp 8 is 1,024 times the speed of light, and warp 9 is 1,516 times the speed of light. Warp 9.9 is 3,053 times the speed of light. The curve becomes extremely steep at that range, and enormous increases in speed are needed to progress from warp 9.91 to warp 9.92.
Crossing the warp barrier requires a disproportionate amount of energy. Once the warp threshold has been passed, the power needed to maintain the field lessens.
Warp factors are, in terms of their light speed equivalents, not absolute, but only relative figures, depending on the local properties of space and subspace, the multiples given are only minimum/average values.
The actual values of warp speed are dependent upon interstellar conditions like gas density, electric and magnetic fields and fluctuations in the subspace domain as well as energy penalties resulting from quantum drag forces and power oscillation inefficiencies.
